Okla-homey
5/14/2007, 06:24 AM
May 14, 1948: Modern state of Israel proclaimed
http://aycu25.webshots.com/image/15344/2002242032154436339_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002242032154436339)
David Ben-Gurion
59 years ago today in Tel Aviv, Jewish Agency Chairman David Ben-Gurion proclaims the State of Israel, establishing the first Jewish state in 2,000 years. In an afternoon ceremony at the Tel Aviv Art Museum, Ben-Gurion pronounced the words "We hereby proclaim the establishment of the Jewish state in Palestine, to be called Israel," prompting applause and tears from the crowd gathered at the museum. Ben-Gurion became Israel's first premier.
http://aycu04.webshots.com/image/17203/2002202835585567054_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002202835585567054)
Ben-Gurion proclaims Israel with a portrait of Theodor Herzl looking on above
In the distance, the rumble of guns could be heard from fighting that broke out between Jews and Arabs immediately following the British army withdrawal earlier that day.
Egypt launched an air attack against Israel that evening. Despite a blackout in Tel Aviv--and the expected Arab invasion--Jews joyously celebrated the birth of their new nation, especially after word was received that the United States had recognized the Jewish state. At midnight, the State of Israel officially came into being upon termination of the British mandate in Palestine.
http://aycu09.webshots.com/image/16848/2002233410657458418_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002233410657458418)
Premier Ben-Gurion meeting with President Truman
Modern Israel has its origins in the Zionism movement, established in the late 19th century by Jews in the Russian Empire who called for the establishment of a territorial Jewish state after enduring great persecution.
http://aycu21.webshots.com/image/16340/2002295976403513346_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002295976403513346)
Theodor Herzl
In 1896, Jewish-Austrian journalist Theodor Herzl published an influential political pamphlet called The Jewish State, which argued that the establishment of a Jewish state was the only way of protecting Jews from anti-Semitism.
http://aycu19.webshots.com/image/17738/2002251941735741903_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002251941735741903)
Herzl became the leader of the international Zionist movement, convening the first Zionist Congress in Switzerland in 1897. Ottoman Turk-controlled Palestine, the original homeland of the Jewish people, was chosen as the most desirable location for a Jewish state, and Herzl unsuccessfully petitioned the Ottoman government for a charter.
After the failed Russian Revolution of 1905, growing numbers of Eastern European and Russian Jews began to immigrate to Palestine, joining the few thousand Jews who had arrived earlier.
The Jewish settlers insisted on the use of Hebrew as their spoken language. With the collapse of the Ottoman Empire during World War I, Britain took over Palestine. In 1917, Britain issued the "Balfour Declaration," which declared its intent to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
http://aycu30.webshots.com/image/17229/2000211519646063377_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2000211519646063377)
Although protested by the Arab states, the Balfour Declaration was included in the British mandate over Palestine, which was authorized by the League of Nations in 1922. Because of Arab opposition to the establishment of any Jewish state in Palestine, British rule continued throughout the 1920s and '30s in order to protect the recently arrived Jewish immigrants who had traveled to Palestine from around the world.
Beginning in 1929, Arabs and Jews openly fought in Palestine, and Britain attempted to limit Jewish immigration as a means of appeasing the incensed Arabs. As a result of the Holocaust in Europe, many Jews struggled successfully to enter Palestine during World War II, many technically illegally.
Radical Jewish groups employed terrorism against British forces in Palestine, which they thought had betrayed the Zionist cause when they placed limitations on who could immigrate to Palestine, particularly given the impediments placed immigration became a death sentence if the attempted immigrant was trapped inside Nazi held territory.
http://aycu24.webshots.com/image/16263/2002280594688556433_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002280594688556433)
Following World War II, Britain continued to limit Jewish immigration to Palestine. The Zionist factions united and conducted an underground war against the British, as well as applying pressure on the British government through the United States. In June of 1947, the British rammed the Jewish illegal immigrant ship "Exodus" (formerly "President Warfield") on the high seas. They towed it to Haifa where it was the subject of extensive publicity, generating public sympathy for the Zionist cause. The passengers were eventually disembarked in Hamburg. The incident set world opinion, and particularly US opinion against the British, and caused the British to intern illegal immigrants thereafter in Cyprus, rather than attempting to return them to Europe
At the end of World War II, in 1945, the United States took up the Zionist cause. Britain, unable to find a practical solution, referred the problem to the United Nations, which in November 1947 voted to partition Palestine.
The Jews were to possess more than half of Palestine, although they made up less than half of Palestine's population. The Palestinian Arabs, aided by volunteers from other countries, fought the Zionist forces, but by May 14, 1948, the Jews had secured full control of their U.N.-allocated share of Palestine and also some Arab territory.
http://aycu10.webshots.com/image/15729/2000295216312254928_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2000295216312254928)
On this day in 1948, Britain withdrew with the expiration of its mandate, and the State of Israel was proclaimed. The next day, forces from Egypt, Transjordan, Syria, Lebanon, and Iraq invaded.
The Israelis, though less well equipped, but fighting for their very lives, managed to fight off the Arabs and then seize key territory, such as Galilee, the Palestinian coast, and a strip of territory connecting the coastal region to the western section of Jerusalem.
In 1949, U.N.-brokered cease-fires left the State of Israel in permanent control of this conquered territory. The departure of hundreds of thousands of Palestinian Arabs from Israel during the war left the country with a substantial Jewish majority.
During the third Arab-Israeli conflict--the Six-Day War of 1967--Israel again greatly increased its borders, capturing from Jordan, Egypt, and Syria the Old City of Jerusalem, the Sinai Peninsula, the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights.
http://aycu23.webshots.com/image/16742/2002267074296193424_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002267074296193424)
http://aycu09.webshots.com/image/16848/2002278388484794003_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002278388484794003)
In 1979, Israel and Egypt signed an historic peace agreement in which Israel returned the Sinai in exchange for Egyptian recognition and peace. Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) signed a major peace accord in 1993, which envisioned the gradual implementation of Palestinian self-government in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
The Israeli-Palestinian peace process moved slowly, however, and in 2000 major fighting between Israelis and Palestinians resumed in Israel and the occupied territories.
http://aycu06.webshots.com/image/17765/2002221010774792037_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002221010774792037)
http://aycu25.webshots.com/image/15344/2002242032154436339_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002242032154436339)
David Ben-Gurion
59 years ago today in Tel Aviv, Jewish Agency Chairman David Ben-Gurion proclaims the State of Israel, establishing the first Jewish state in 2,000 years. In an afternoon ceremony at the Tel Aviv Art Museum, Ben-Gurion pronounced the words "We hereby proclaim the establishment of the Jewish state in Palestine, to be called Israel," prompting applause and tears from the crowd gathered at the museum. Ben-Gurion became Israel's first premier.
http://aycu04.webshots.com/image/17203/2002202835585567054_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002202835585567054)
Ben-Gurion proclaims Israel with a portrait of Theodor Herzl looking on above
In the distance, the rumble of guns could be heard from fighting that broke out between Jews and Arabs immediately following the British army withdrawal earlier that day.
Egypt launched an air attack against Israel that evening. Despite a blackout in Tel Aviv--and the expected Arab invasion--Jews joyously celebrated the birth of their new nation, especially after word was received that the United States had recognized the Jewish state. At midnight, the State of Israel officially came into being upon termination of the British mandate in Palestine.
http://aycu09.webshots.com/image/16848/2002233410657458418_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002233410657458418)
Premier Ben-Gurion meeting with President Truman
Modern Israel has its origins in the Zionism movement, established in the late 19th century by Jews in the Russian Empire who called for the establishment of a territorial Jewish state after enduring great persecution.
http://aycu21.webshots.com/image/16340/2002295976403513346_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002295976403513346)
Theodor Herzl
In 1896, Jewish-Austrian journalist Theodor Herzl published an influential political pamphlet called The Jewish State, which argued that the establishment of a Jewish state was the only way of protecting Jews from anti-Semitism.
http://aycu19.webshots.com/image/17738/2002251941735741903_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002251941735741903)
Herzl became the leader of the international Zionist movement, convening the first Zionist Congress in Switzerland in 1897. Ottoman Turk-controlled Palestine, the original homeland of the Jewish people, was chosen as the most desirable location for a Jewish state, and Herzl unsuccessfully petitioned the Ottoman government for a charter.
After the failed Russian Revolution of 1905, growing numbers of Eastern European and Russian Jews began to immigrate to Palestine, joining the few thousand Jews who had arrived earlier.
The Jewish settlers insisted on the use of Hebrew as their spoken language. With the collapse of the Ottoman Empire during World War I, Britain took over Palestine. In 1917, Britain issued the "Balfour Declaration," which declared its intent to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
http://aycu30.webshots.com/image/17229/2000211519646063377_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2000211519646063377)
Although protested by the Arab states, the Balfour Declaration was included in the British mandate over Palestine, which was authorized by the League of Nations in 1922. Because of Arab opposition to the establishment of any Jewish state in Palestine, British rule continued throughout the 1920s and '30s in order to protect the recently arrived Jewish immigrants who had traveled to Palestine from around the world.
Beginning in 1929, Arabs and Jews openly fought in Palestine, and Britain attempted to limit Jewish immigration as a means of appeasing the incensed Arabs. As a result of the Holocaust in Europe, many Jews struggled successfully to enter Palestine during World War II, many technically illegally.
Radical Jewish groups employed terrorism against British forces in Palestine, which they thought had betrayed the Zionist cause when they placed limitations on who could immigrate to Palestine, particularly given the impediments placed immigration became a death sentence if the attempted immigrant was trapped inside Nazi held territory.
http://aycu24.webshots.com/image/16263/2002280594688556433_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002280594688556433)
Following World War II, Britain continued to limit Jewish immigration to Palestine. The Zionist factions united and conducted an underground war against the British, as well as applying pressure on the British government through the United States. In June of 1947, the British rammed the Jewish illegal immigrant ship "Exodus" (formerly "President Warfield") on the high seas. They towed it to Haifa where it was the subject of extensive publicity, generating public sympathy for the Zionist cause. The passengers were eventually disembarked in Hamburg. The incident set world opinion, and particularly US opinion against the British, and caused the British to intern illegal immigrants thereafter in Cyprus, rather than attempting to return them to Europe
At the end of World War II, in 1945, the United States took up the Zionist cause. Britain, unable to find a practical solution, referred the problem to the United Nations, which in November 1947 voted to partition Palestine.
The Jews were to possess more than half of Palestine, although they made up less than half of Palestine's population. The Palestinian Arabs, aided by volunteers from other countries, fought the Zionist forces, but by May 14, 1948, the Jews had secured full control of their U.N.-allocated share of Palestine and also some Arab territory.
http://aycu10.webshots.com/image/15729/2000295216312254928_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2000295216312254928)
On this day in 1948, Britain withdrew with the expiration of its mandate, and the State of Israel was proclaimed. The next day, forces from Egypt, Transjordan, Syria, Lebanon, and Iraq invaded.
The Israelis, though less well equipped, but fighting for their very lives, managed to fight off the Arabs and then seize key territory, such as Galilee, the Palestinian coast, and a strip of territory connecting the coastal region to the western section of Jerusalem.
In 1949, U.N.-brokered cease-fires left the State of Israel in permanent control of this conquered territory. The departure of hundreds of thousands of Palestinian Arabs from Israel during the war left the country with a substantial Jewish majority.
During the third Arab-Israeli conflict--the Six-Day War of 1967--Israel again greatly increased its borders, capturing from Jordan, Egypt, and Syria the Old City of Jerusalem, the Sinai Peninsula, the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights.
http://aycu23.webshots.com/image/16742/2002267074296193424_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002267074296193424)
http://aycu09.webshots.com/image/16848/2002278388484794003_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002278388484794003)
In 1979, Israel and Egypt signed an historic peace agreement in which Israel returned the Sinai in exchange for Egyptian recognition and peace. Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) signed a major peace accord in 1993, which envisioned the gradual implementation of Palestinian self-government in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
The Israeli-Palestinian peace process moved slowly, however, and in 2000 major fighting between Israelis and Palestinians resumed in Israel and the occupied territories.
http://aycu06.webshots.com/image/17765/2002221010774792037_rs.jpg (http://allyoucanupload.webshots.com/v/2002221010774792037)