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Okla-homey
8/10/2010, 06:34 AM
Aug 10, 1937: First-ever electric guitar patent awarded to the Electro String Corporation

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Versatile, inexpensive and relatively easy to play, the acoustic guitar was a staple of American rural music in the early 20th century, particularly black rural music such as the blues. But a significant physical limitation made it a poor fit in ensembles made up of brass, woodwind and orchestral string instruments: The acoustic guitar was simply too quiet.

What transformed the guitar and its place in popular music, and eventually transformed popular music itself, was the development of a method for transforming the sound of a vibrating guitar string into an electrical signal that could be amplified and re-converted into audible sound at a much greater volume.

The electric guitar—the instrument that revolutionized jazz, blues and country music and made the later rise of rock and roll possible—was recognized by the United States Patent Office 73 years ago on this day in 1937 with the award of Patent #2,089.171 to G.D. Beauchamp for an instrument known as the "Rickenbacker Frying Pan."

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Inventor G.D. Beauchamp, partner with Adolph Rickenbacher in the Electro String Instrument Corporation of Los Angeles, California, spent more than five years pursuing his patent on the Frying Pan. It was a process delayed by several areas of concern, including the electric guitar’s reliance on an engineering innovation that dated to the 19th century.

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G.D. Beuachamp and his invention

When a vibrating string is placed within a magnetic field, it is possible to "pick up" the sound waves created by that string’s vibrations and convert those waves into electric current. Replace the word "string" with the word "membrane" in that sentence, however, and you also have a description of how a telephone works. For this reason, Beauchamp’s patent application had to be revised multiple times to clarify which of his individual claims were truly novel and which were merely new applications of existing patents.

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On August 10, 1937, the Patent Office approved the majority of Beachamp’s claims—primarily those relating to the unique design of the Frying Pan’s "pickup," a heavy electromagnet that surrounded the base of the steel strings like a bracelet rather than sitting below them as on a modern electric guitar.

Unfortunately for the Electro String Corporation, Beauchamp’s specific invention had long since been obsolesced by the innovations of various competitors, rendering the patent awarded on this day in 1937 an item of greater historical importance than economic value.

Ike
8/10/2010, 09:13 AM
So does this mean that the bilboard on I-35 just south of I-40 proclaiming that 'the electric guitar was invented in Oklahoma' is full of hooey?

Okla-homey
8/10/2010, 09:20 AM
So does this mean that the bilboard on I-35 just south of I-40 proclaiming that 'the electric guitar was invented in Oklahoma' is full of hooey?

Methinks so. Bob Dunn sought no patents, and he didn't sell 'em. Evidently, he just jury-rigged one that was more of a steel guitar than anything else.


Electric Guitar: Beggs, Oklahoma
Bob Dunn, a musician from Beggs, Oklahoma, is the first musician to record an electrically amplified instrument. Dunn was primarily a jazz trombonist, but soon became a pioneer Western Swing steel guitarist. It is certain that he wasn't the first to try merging electricity with guitars, but he is often credited as the first to successfully electrify his guitar.

There is an old story that relates that Dunn hooked his guitar up to a car battery during an outdoor dance in order to be heard. Historian Kevin Reed Coffey indicates that Dunn wanted to accomplish more than volume with electrification. He writes, “Not content with just being louder, Dunn experimented with ways to capture the brassy resonance of jazz horns. According to surviving contemporaries, he emulated musicians such as Texas trombonist Jack Teagarden and the great trumpeter Louis Armstrong, and his approach to the steel was based on their styles, their tone, their phrasing and attack.”

Bill C. Malone states that “Dunn converted a standard round-hole Martin guitar into an electric instrument by magnetizing the strings and raising them high off the box. He then attached an electric pickup to the guitar, which in turn was connected to a Vol-U-Tone amplifier.”

Dunn’s first use of electric guitar on a recording was in January, 1935, with Milton Brown and his Musical Brownies. Dunn was elected to the Steel Guitar Hall of Fame in 1992.

sooneron
8/10/2010, 09:22 AM
No mention of Charlie Christian? for shame...

And Rickenbacker makes some sweet flippin geetars!